Printing-press



4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

L. T. GUERNSEY. PRINTING PRESS.

No. 9,342. Patented Oct. 19, 1852.

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4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

L. T. GUERNSEY. PRINTING PRESS.

Patented 0m. 19. 1862 L. .T. GUERNSEY.

' PRINTING PRESS.

Patented Oct. 19, 1852.

4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

L. T. GUERNSEY. PRINTING PRESS.

N0. 9,342 Patented Oct. 19, 1852.

0 1g 1 p Lil 26 2o 25 I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIC PRINTING-PRESS.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 9,342, dated October 19, 1852.

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, LUoIUs T. GUERNSEY, of Montpelier, in the county ofWashington and State of Vermont, have invented a new and ImprovedPrinting-Press; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full andexact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I willproceed to describe its construction andoperation.

Descriptiom-1 construct a frame, substantially as shown in theaccompanying drawings, the shape and relation of the parts of which arearranged to receive the various parts and pieces of the machineryhereinafter described. I make no claim to any peculiarity in the frame,although the in- 20 sertion of a longitudinal rail, extending from endto end of the frame, at the top of the main portion of the frame, toserve a purpose hereinafter named, (for rail see Figure C, in drawing,)is peculiar. Crosswise of the frame, from the lower longitudinal piecesof the frame, at apoint one side of the center thereof, I pass a strongshaft or arbor, (Fig. A, No. 1,) on either end of which, and within theframe, is placed a segment, or section of a circle, (Fig. A, No. 2, 2,4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4). Midway between the segments a limb or arm (A, 3)rises; the upper end of which arm receives one end of a pitman (A, 5,)which pitman, at its other end, attaches to a wheel (A, 6,) arm, sweep,or other means by which the crank motion or principle, is applied torock the segments (A, 2, 2, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,) backward and forward.

The wheel (A, 6) is moved by the pinion (A, 7,) the arbor of whichpinion, at its other end from the pinion, receives the pulley (A, 8,)which pulley receives a belt, (A, 8%,) which belt then passes to apulley on the largest of the three rollers, (A, 9, 9, 9;) also,connected with the pulley (A, 8) in its location on the arbor named, isthe bal-. ance wheel, (A, 9%,) the place of applying the motive power tothe machine.

The rail, (Fig. 0,) lies lengthwise of the frame, under the type bed (A,10;) the trucks (A, 11, and B, 11, 11,) run their grooved places on theupper edge of the rail (Fig. 0,) to give direction and accuracy to 55the horizontal movement of the type bed (A,,10). whenthe-type bed is.forced back and forth. The corners of type bed (A, 10 and B, 10) projectbeyond the square shaped, fiat portion thereof, and are marked thus inFig. A, :11: and in Fig. B, thus,

i/:, :/;l: also. The extensions and the flat square portion are all onepiece of casting. Two of these four extensions reach under theimpression cylinder and rest on the segments (A, 2, 2,) when the typebed is in the position shown by Fig. A. The other two extensions sustainthe ink trough at their outer ends, (A, 12 and B, 12) if the trough ismade entirely a separate piece; or, they form a part of the ink trough(the ends) if the trough is not a separate piece.

The ink fountain (A, 12 and B, 12) is a trough, with a roller (A, 13)lying in it. On one end of the roller ('A, 13) and outside of thetrough, is a ratchet wheel (A, 14) which wheel receives a hitchingmotion from the dog (A, 15) when the type bed (A, 10) moves back andforth.

I work out four bevel pieces exactly alike,

say 30 inches long, one inch wide and half an inch thick at one end,tapering to one fourth of an inch at the other. I place one of thesebevel pieces on the top of another with their tapering edges together,placing the thickest end of one on and above the thinnest end of theother, 'sothat when thus united they form a shape, in .respect to widthand height, uniform and'equal from end to end (see Fig. F, 159 Two ofthese bevel pieces, so arranged, make a-pair; the other two anotherpair. On each side of type bed (A, 10) I place one pair of these bevels(Fig. F,). Near each end of each pair I out long mortises, say one inchlong by one fourth inch wide. Through these mortises I pass screws whichterminate in type bed (A, 10 F, 10) on which these pairs of bevels rest,which screws hold the bevels firmly in their place. And when it isdesirable tolessen or increasethe amount of elevation of the bevelsabove the fiat portion of the type bed, I loosen the screws and slidethe bevel pieces, one of them one way, lon gitudinally. of the type bed,and the other the other way, sliding them in this relative manner, oneway, increases their united height above the flat portion of the typebed; reversing this process decreases that height or elevation. When theposition is satisfactorily adjusted, the screws are lightened and theobject of adapting the bearers to receive any required amount ofthepres- G,) inserts its bearings (G, y, y,) into the balance beams (A, 20,E, 20 and Fig. 1,) at a point marked on the balance beams in this Wayand is attached to the type bed, (A, 10, B, 10 and Fig. F,) by means ofcogs, straps, cords or chains, or any other means by which theimpression cylinder (A, 16% and Fig. G,) shall receive a rotary orreverse rotary motion from and by the horizontal movement of the typebed (A, 10, B, 10, and Fig. F,).

The largest of the three rollers in the inking pile, (A, 9, 9, 9,) isthe distributing drum; the two smaller of this series are thecomposition rollers, so called, being the article in common use tocommunicate ink to type, which last named rollers, at each revolution ofthe type bed, (A, 10) receive a quantity of ink by coming in contactwith fountain roller' (A, 13.) When the type bed has been passed underthe impression cylinder, and is on its return to position shown A, 10,the two composition rollers rise up against the distributing drum(largest in A, 9, 9, 9,) and distribute the ink over their severalsurfaces, by rotating together, and acting upon each other. Thecomposition rollers are then adjusted by the balance beam, G meansherein elsewhere described, to the proper place to touch the'fa ce ofthe type on the type bed (A, 10.) when the type bed is advancing toreceive another impression, from the cylinder (A, 167

A, 16, G, 16 and Fig. H, is a. rod or arbor lying in a groove,lengthwise of the impression cylinder (A, 161}, and'G,), each end ofwhich passes under bands on the end of cylinder, (A, 16 and Fig. G,).One end of this rod or arbor passes beyond the end of the cylindersufliciently to receive and fasten the tumbler, (D, 18, G, 18, H. 18).This arbor, tumbler, pin or cam D, s, G, s, H, 3,) together with theprongs (D, 16, G, 1.6, H, 16,) is called the jaw, which grasps the paperfrom the paper board (A, 17.) This jaw is opened at the proper place forcatching the paper by an arrangement shown in Figs. E, and I.

D, 18, E, 18 and H, 18 is a tumbler placed on the end of rod of jawabove described, and is capable of a rocking motion, and does rock so asto turn the arbor and raise the prongs (A, 16, 16, 16, G, 16, 16, 16)when the pin, (D, s, G, s, H, 8,) rides over the dogs (E, 19, 19, I, 19,19,). On the upper portion of the tumbler is placed a spring (D, g andG, 9,) to press the tumbler down so as to close the jaw-prongs down tothe cylinder (A, 16%, and G, 16%). The pin or cam (D, s, G, s; H, 8,)when the cylinder (A, 16% and G, 16%) revolves one way, rides ing thejaw-prongs to draw the paper around with the cylinder preparatory togiving it an impression upon the type on type bed.

At the proper place, the same process is repeated by the pin or cam overthe other 'dog (E, 19, 19, and I, 19, 19) to'open the jaw to dischargethe printedsheet.

The balance beams (A, 20, E, 20, I, 20) are hung on pivots to the framenearthe point marked 21, 21 in Figs. A, and E, with weights on one endof each, (A, 22, E 22,) sufliciently heavy to balance up the impressioncylinder (A, 16: and the composition rollers (smaller two of A, 9, 9, 9)when allowed to do so by the apparatus hereinafter described.

In that section of the balance beams (A, 20, E, 20, I, 20) where thearbor of the impression cylinder (A, 16%,, G, passes through them, (A,I, there 1s a semicircular elevation (A, 24, E, 24:, I, 24,) whichserves as a place on which to pin the dogs, (E, 19, 19, I, 19, 19,), andalso to form a resting place for the lower edge of the paper board (A,17,).

A projection, (A, 25, E 25,) passes out sidewise from a post in theframe, which projections, one on each side of the machine, are insertedinto the said posts by mortise and tenon and confined by a pin or bolt.The mortise is longer than the breadth of the tenon, for the purpose ofallowing the pro j ections to turn on the pins a little, that one end ofthe projections may be moved slightly up and down. To these projectionsare pinned the lower end of the upright shackle bars (A, 26, E, 26,) oneon each side of the machine. The upper end of each shackle bar hooksinto a notch in the balance beams (A, 20, E, 20,). These hookedextremities of the shackle-bars are to be forced backward and forwardsoas to be in and out of the notch alternately as the horizontal move-}ment of-the type bed (A,;-1O), moves back and forth. Then the hooks onfshackle bars are in the notch, the ends of the.balance block (E, 27thereverse side seen in the knobs which protrude through ,a post of frameinA, at the elevated terminationof the dotted lines marked 6, t,). Theseknobs are part and parcel of the sliding blocks (E, 27) and have play tomove up and down in the mortises through the posts near the terminationof the dotted lines in A, t, t, and are moved up and down by and withthe up and down movement of the balance beams, as above described.

The bearings of the two small rollers of the series A, 9, 9, 9, areinserted into the round holes in the sliding blocks at the upper end ofdotted lines marked a, a. Fig. E, one on each side of the machine, andrise and fall to and from the type on type bed (A, 10) the same as doesthe impression cylinder (A, 16 as above described). The object of therise of impression cylinder is to clear the type on type bed (A, 10)when it comes back to the position shown in Fig. A, after an impressionhas been given. The object of the fall of the impression cylinder is, tocome in contact with the type at the proper moment for giving animpression. The object of the rise of the two small composition rollersof the series (A, 9, 9, 9,) is to bring them in contact with the largestof the series A, 9, 9, 9, so that the three may rotate together todistribute the ink before the two smaller act upon the type. The objectof the fall of these two smallest rollers of the series A, 9, 9, 9, isto adjust them to the type on type bed A, 10, when it passes under them;and also, to enable them to communicate with fountain roller (A. 13,) atthe same time, (2'. 6. when type bed runs under the cylinder,) for thepurpose of receiving a new supply of ink for the next impression.

The upright rods (A, 28 and E, 28,) one on each side of the machine, aremade fast and immovable at the upper end in projection A, 25, and E, 25,which projection is capable of a slight up and down rocking motion bymeans of a loose mortise into which it inserts its tenons in the post ofthe frame; the lower end of the rods pass through an .amply large holein the bottom longitudinal rail or side piece of the frame, at a pointindicated by dotted line marked m. On each of these rods, (one on eachside of the machine) a long thread or screw is cut, and two nuts to eachrod are placed upon the thread or screw, one nut on the upper, and theother on the under side of said side piece or rail of the frame; so thatwhen both nuts are turned one way the rod would be drawn downward andheld steadily at any desired point, and when the nuts were turned theopposite way the rods would be forced upward and retained at any pointdesired. The object of all this is to pull down or raise up one end ofthe projection A, 25, E, 25, thus pulling down or raising up the shacklebars A, 26, E, 26, thus elevating or depressing that end of the balancebeams (A, 20 and E, 20) on which the shackle bars (A 26 and E, 26) hookthus elevating or depressing the impression cylinder so that it may beadjusted to give any required amount of pressure upon the type form ontype bed (A, 10.) This described operation is technically calledaltering the impression, and may be used once a day or once in tenyears, according to circumstances, and is not an effect produced by theoperation of the machine: it is done by hand with a winch.

Fig. B, 29, 29, 29, 29 are projections from the sides of the type bed(A, 10) near the four corners thereof, one projection to each corner, inlocation near :/.j: in Fig. A. The two projections which are located onthat end of the type bed (A 10) which is nearest the ink fountain (A,12, B, 12) come in contact with the shackle bars (A, 26, E, 26) when thetype bed'is passed forward under the impression cylinder (A 16%) andthus force the upper end of the shackle bars (A, 26, E 26) which hook onthe balance beams (A, 20, E 20) so that the hooks drop down and arereceived into the notches in the balance beams, thus allowing theweights (A, 22, E, 22) to poise up the impression cylinder (A, 16%) andthe composition rollers (two smallest of series A, 9, 9, 9.) The othertwo projections (B, 29, 29, 29, 29) on that end of type bed which isfarthest from the ink fountain (A, 12, B, 12) come in contact with theshackle bars (A, 26, E 26) when the type bed returns to the positionshown in Fig. A, and force their hooks forward and over the inclinedplane of the balance beams, thus forcing down the impression cylinder(A, 16. and the composition rollers (A, 9, 9,) in a position to ink andimpress the type again, which all constitutes one full revolution of themachine.

What I claim as my invention, and on which I desire to secure LettersPatent, is

The combination of a reciprocating type bed with an impression cylinderwhich has the half-rotary (or reciprocating rotary) movement and also amovement to and from the type bed, as herein set forth and described.

LUCIUS T. GUERNSEY.

In presence of- FERRAND F. MERRILL, JULIA W. Homes.

